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Role of exercise training on insulin resistance and TNF-α in high-fat diet rats

Hui SUN MD, Xiuling DENG MM, Fangxi XIAO MD, Lulu CHEN MD, Huiqing LI MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 403-407 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0071-0

摘要： This study investigated the effect of exercise training on insulin resistance and serum and adipose TNF-α in high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control group (NC; =8) that accepted normal chow and high-fat diet group (HF; =22) that fed on high-fat diet to induce insulin resistance model. The HF group was randomly assigned to two subgroups after 18 weeks: sedentary group (SE; =10) and exercise training group (ET; =12) that performed swimming exercise training for 6 weeks, while both groups continued high-fat diet. Changes of body weight, lipid profile, and fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Serum concentration of TNF-α was detected by ELISA. The expression of TNF-α mRNA and protein in adipose tissue was examined by using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot, respectively. After 18 weeks, compared with the NC group, body weight, blood lipid, glucose, and insulin in the HF group were significantly elevated, while the ISI decreased obviously, which suggested that insulin resistance appeared in the HF group. After exercise training for 6 weeks, compared with the SE group, both ISI and serum TNF-α concentration in the ET group were decreased significantly; however, the expression levels of TNF-α mRNA and protein in adipose tissue increased by 27.5% and 20.5%, respectively. In conclusion, exercise training ameliorates insulin resistance. The reduction of the level of serum TNF-α and the increased expression of TNF-α in adipose tissue by exercise training may be involved in this mechanism.

关键词： exercise training     insulin resistance     tumor necrosis factor-α    

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Effects of exercise therapy on bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women: a controlled trial

Shilin DENG MD ,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 323-329 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0061-2

摘要： The purpose of this article is to determine the effect of a well-designed combined aerobic, resistance, and extension exercise program on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. The population comprised 45 postmenopausal women, who exercised over 12months (exercise group), and 36 women who served as a non-training control group. BMD of the hip, and lumbar spine was measured at the baseline and 12th month. Repeated measurement analysis of variance and nonparametric test were utilized to compare differences between the exercise group and controls. Thirty-six out of 45 persons in the exercise group and 36 controls completed the study. Average compliance was 82.2% for the whole exercise group at the 12th month. All the subjects had decreased BMD, but the rate of bone loss was lower in the exercise group than in the control group at the L4 and hip. Although the exercise program in this study may probably reduce the rate of bone loss in weight-bearing skeletal sites, we do not suggest the exercise by itself be viewed as prevention or treatment for osteoporosis. Further, the exact dose-response relationship of exercise and bone mass in early postmenopause is not clear.

关键词： early postmenopausal women     bone mineral density     exercise     effects    

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Essential training steps to achieving competency in the basic intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 123-128 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0366-7

摘要：

Guidelines for the intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examination have defined a detailed standard for medical professionals, particularly anesthesiologists, on how a TEE exam should proceed. Over the years, TEE has gained substantial popularity and emerged as a preferred monitoring modality to aid in perioperative management and decision making during hemodynamic instability situations or critical care settings. TEE training pathways and practice guidelines have been well established in western countries and many regions of the world. However, TEE training and practice information for anesthesiologists are lacking in China. As innovative technologies develop, other educational models have emerged to aid in obtaining competency in basic TEE exam. Hence, establishing a consensus on the ideal TEE training approach for anesthesiologists in China is urgently needed. Developing an effective curriculum that can be incorporated into an anesthesiology resident’s overall training is also necessary to provide knowledge and skills toward competency in basic TEE exam. With evolving medical system reforms and increasing demands for intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring to accommodate surgical innovations, anesthesiology professionals are increasingly obliged to perform intraoperative TEE exams in their current and future practices. To overcome obstacles and achieve significant progress in using the TEE modality to help in intraoperative management and surgical decision making, publishing basic TEE training guidelines for China’s anesthesiologists is an important endeavor.

关键词： transesophageal echocardiography     guidelines     training     competency    

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perioperative transesophageal echocardiography: should new guidelines exist for limited echocardiography training

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 332-337 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0212-8

摘要：

Bedside limited echocardiography, or focused cardiac ultrasound, continues to gain popularity in many emergency rooms, intensive care units, and operating rooms as a rapid method of assessing unstable patients. Effective monitoring of cardiovascular function in conditions like cardiac arrest or near-arrest is the crucial step to guide successful resuscitative efforts. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has emerged as one of the preferred cardiac diagnostic and monitoring modalities in the intraoperative setting due to the fact that it is less invasive than many other monitors, is immediately accessible, and allows for continuous real-time monitoring of cardiac function. However, the minimum training requirements needed for the anesthesia provider to obtain the competency, knowledge, and skills for basic certification in perioperative TEE far exceed those developed for other medical specialties. We believe there is an urgent need to develop (1) practical guidelines for emergent perioperative TEE use for anesthesiologists and (2) a requisite educational curriculum to teach the basic skills necessary to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrest or near-arrest scenarios. The measures elucidated in this report summarize the efforts of the Department of Anesthesiology at the University of Florida in establishing the necessary steps to make this process not only practical, but accessible to all trainees. We hope that these collective efforts will provide more trainees the confidence in utilizing TEE to aid in establishing a diagnosis in critical situations.

关键词： transesophageal echocardiography     curriculum     competency training     hemodynamic instability    

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Low-carbohydrate diets lead to greater weight loss and better glucose homeostasis than exercise: a randomized

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 460-471 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0861-6

摘要： Lifestyle interventions, including dietary adjustments and exercise, are important for obesity management. This study enrolled adults with overweight or obesity to explore whether either low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or exercise is more effective in metabolism improvement. Forty-five eligible subjects were randomly divided into an LCD group (n=22) and an exercise group (EX, n=23). The subjects either adopted LCD (carbohydrate intake<50 g/day) or performed moderate-to-vigorous exercise (≥30 min/day) for 3 weeks. After the interventions, LCD led to a larger weight loss than EX (−3.56±0.37 kg vs. −1.24±0.39 kg, P<0.001), as well as a larger reduction in fat mass (−2.10±0.18 kg vs. −1.25±0.24 kg, P=0.007) and waist circumference (−5.25±0.52 cm vs. −3.45±0.38 cm, P=0.008). Both interventions reduced visceral and subcutaneous fat and improved liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Triglycerides decreased in both two groups, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the LCD group but decreased in the EX group. Various glycemic parameters, including serum glycated albumin, mean sensor glucose, coefficient of variability (CV), and largest amplitude of glycemic excursions, substantially declined in the LCD group. Only CV slightly decreased after exercise. This pilot study suggested that the effects of LCD and exercise are similar in alleviating liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Compared with exercise, LCD might be more efficient for weight loss and glucose homeostasis in people with obesity.

关键词： low-carbohydrate diet     obesity     nonalcoholic fatty liver disease     continuous glucose monitoring     mean sensor glucose    

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Phenomena identification and ranking table exercise for thorium based molten salt reactor-solid fuel

Xiaojing LIU, Qi WANG, Zhaozhong HE, Kun CHEN, Xu CHENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 707-714 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0616-0

摘要： Thorium based molten salt reactor-solid fuel (TMSR-SF) design is an innovative reactor concept that uses high-temperature tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) fuel with a low-pressure liquid salt coolant. In anticipation of getting licensed applications for TMSR-SF in the future, it is necessary to fully understand the significant features and phenomena of TMSR-SF design, as well as its transient behavior during accidents. In this paper, the safety-relevant phenomena, importance, and knowledge base were assessed for the selected events and the transient of TMSR-SF during station blackout scenario is simulated based on RELAP/SCDAPSIM Mod 4.0. The phenomena having significant impact but with limited knowledge of their history are core coolant bypass flows, outlet plenum flow distribution, and intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) over/under cooling transients. Some thermal hydraulic parameters during the station blackout scenario are also discussed.

关键词： phenomena identification and ranking table (PIRT)     thorium based molten salt reactor-solid fuel (TMSR-SF)     safety analysis     RELAP/SCDAPSIM    

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我国全科医生培养现状与发展策略

刘颖,蒋国平,任菁菁

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第2期   页码 74-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.02.005

摘要：

经过近30年的不断探索和实践，我国全科医生队伍建设取得了一定的进展，初步建立了以“5+3”为主、“3+2”为辅的全科医生培养模式，但我国仍面临严重缺乏合格全科医生的情况。本文通过对我国全科医生培养现状的研究，了解到当前我国全科医生岗位缺乏吸引力，全科医生培养制度和体系不够完善，缺乏完善的过程考核机制，住培基地准入和再认证机制不完善，持续职业发展教育亟待规范。通过对国际上主要国家发展全科医生经验的回顾研究，建议我国应当切实提升全科医生待遇；以“岗位胜任力”为导向，建立完善的全科医生培训过程考核体系；统一全科医生住培基地准入条件，建立常态化基地评估认证机制；设置全科持续职业发展教育基地。

关键词： 全科医生     人才培养     岗位胜任力    

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The next step of community health construction: Training general practitioners and implementing health

Kan ZHANG MM, Wei DONG MM, Ying-Yao CHEN MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 134-138 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0041-6

摘要： This article discusses the concept of health management and stresses that community health management should be the starting point of community health service, necessitating a paradigm shift from observing the treatment-oriented medical model to observing the prevention-and-health management-based medical model. Community health construction has entered a new phase, one which highlights the need to train general practitioners in practice-based life cycle health management. In addition, general practitioners should assume the mission of implementing community health management.

关键词： community health     general practitioners     health management    

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maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources—a new Sino-German international research training

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 443-444 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019288

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maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources—a new Sino-German international research training

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 313-320 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019282

摘要：

Phosphate is supplied to agriculture by mining and fertilizer production, followed by different steps of phosphate utilization, including primary production, feed and food consumption, and conversion of biomass, with accumulation in soils, but little recycling and severe environmental losses. Phosphate is a limited essential nutrient, however, with very uneven distribution worldwide. Closing the cycle and reducing primary phosphate consumption are fundamental future challenges. Maize has a relatively high phosphate requirement. China and Germany together cover the whole range of maize production systems. The new Sino-German international research training group “Adaptation of Chinese and German maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources” (AMAIZE-P) was initiated in 2018 as a joint venture of the China Agricultural University (Beijing, China) and the University of Hohenheim (Stuttgart, Germany). The interdisciplinary and complementary research is driven by the hypothesis that under phosphate limited conditions, high productivity and high phosphate use efficiency can be achieved simultaneously by adapting phosphate cycling and availability (sources) to the multipurpose phosphate demands (sinks) in maize-based food-feed-energy systems. The educational program for doctoral researchers in China and Germany includes joint block seminars, thematic field trips, case studies, methodological courses, doctoral researchers’ conferences, intercultural training sessions and personal training.

关键词： international research training group     limited resources     maize     phosphate    

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Design and preliminary evaluation of an exoskeleton for upper limb resistance training

Tzong-Ming WU, Dar-Zen CHEN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第2期   页码 188-198 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0327-2

摘要：

Resistance training is a popular form of exercise recommended by national health organizations, such as the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the American Heart Association (AHA). This form of training is available for most populations. A compact design of upper limb exoskeleton mechanism for home-based resistance training using a spring-loaded upper limb exoskeleton with a three degree-of-freedom shoulder joint and a one degree-of-freedom elbow joint allows a patient or a healthy individual to move the upper limb with multiple joints in different planes. It can continuously increase the resistance by adjusting the spring length to train additional muscle groups and reduce the number of potential injuries to upper limb joints caused by the mass moment of inertia of the training equipment. The aim of this research is to perform a preliminary evaluation of the designed function by adopting an appropriate motion analysis system and experimental design to verify our prototype of the exoskeleton and determine the optimal configuration of the spring-loaded upper limb exoskeleton.

关键词： exoskeleton     free-weight exercise     upper limb     motion analysis    

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导弹特种装备与训练模拟系统研制

黄先祥,谢建,高钦和

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第2期   页码 65-70

摘要：

导弹特种装备与模拟训练系统综合运用多学科先进技术，建立了数十个数学、物理和网络模型，研制出上百台仪器设备，实现了导弹全武器系统与发射全过程的模拟。简要介绍了系统的组成、功用和简要技术方案。对大型高可靠液压系统设计、自动调平与起竖的实现、导弹高精度定位、大型复杂电器系统电磁兼容设计等主要技术问题做了详细论述。

关键词： 导弹     训练模拟     液压系统     细分控制     电磁兼容    

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基于全局和单调递减鲁棒性策略的鲁棒神经网络训练方法 Research Article

梁震1,吴陶然2,3,刘万伟4,5,薛白2,杨文婧1,王戟1,庞征斌4

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第24卷 第10期   页码 1375-1389 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2300059

摘要： 深度神经网络的鲁棒性引发了学术界和工业界的高度关注，特别是在安全攸关领域。相比于验证神经网络的鲁棒性是否成立，本文关注点在于给定扰动前提下的鲁棒神经网络训练。现有的代表性训练方法——区间边界传播（IBP）和CROWN-IBP——在较小扰动下表现良好，但在较大扰动下性能显著下降，本文称之为衰退风险。具体来说，衰退风险是指与较小扰动情况相比，IBP系列训练方法在较大扰动情况下不能提供预期的鲁棒神经网络的现象。为了缓解这种衰退风险，我们提出一种全局的、单调递减的鲁棒神经网络训练策略，该策略在每个训练轮次考虑多个扰动（全局鲁棒性训练策略），并将其相应的鲁棒性损失以单调递减的权重进行组织（单调递减鲁棒性训练策略）。实验证明，所提策略在较小扰动下能够保持原有算法的性能，在较大扰动下的衰退风险得到很大程度改善。值得注意的是，与原有训练方法相比，所提训练策略保留了更多的模型准确度，这意味着该训练策略更加平衡地考虑了模型的鲁棒性和准确性。

关键词： 鲁棒神经网络；训练方法；衰退风险；全局鲁棒性训练；单调递减鲁棒性    

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应用型工程造价专业人才培养模式的探索与实践——以天津理工大学为例

尹贻林,白 娟

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第1期   页码 114-119

摘要：

咨询行业的跨越式发展对工程造价专业人才的供给提出了新的要求，培养适用于市场需求的应用型人才是工程专业人才培养的首要任务。本文以天津理工大学为例，剖析应用型工程专业人才的素质特征，从教学体系构建，团队的培养和建设两方面，对应用型工程造价专业人才培养模式进行的构建进行系统的阐述，旨在为应用型工程造价专业人才的培养提供借鉴。

关键词： 应用型人才；工程造价专业；人才培养模式    

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Hybrid embedding and joint training of stacked encoder for opinion question machine reading comprehension

Xiang-zhou Huang, Si-liang Tang, Yin Zhang, Bao-gang Wei,huangxiangzhou@zju.edu.cn,siliang@zju.edu.cn,yinzh@zju.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第21卷 第9期   页码 1267-1412 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900571

摘要： Opinion question (MRC) requires a machine to answer questions by analyzing corresponding passages. Compared with traditional MRC tasks where the answer to every question is a segment of text in corresponding passages, opinion question MRC is more challenging because the answer to an opinion question may not appear in corresponding passages but needs to be deduced from multiple sentences. In this study, a novel framework based on is proposed to address such problems, in which a new hybrid embedding training method combining text features is used. Furthermore, extra attention and output layers which generate auxiliary losses are introduced to jointly train the stacked recurrent . To deal with imbalance of the dataset, irrelevancy of question and passage is used for . Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance. We are the biweekly champion in the opinion question MRC task in Artificial Intelligence Challenger 2018 (AIC2018).
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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Role of exercise training on insulin resistance and TNF-α in high-fat diet rats

Hui SUN MD, Xiuling DENG MM, Fangxi XIAO MD, Lulu CHEN MD, Huiqing LI MD,

期刊论文

Effects of exercise therapy on bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women: a controlled trial

Shilin DENG MD ,

期刊论文

Essential training steps to achieving competency in the basic intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography

null

期刊论文

perioperative transesophageal echocardiography: should new guidelines exist for limited echocardiography training

null

期刊论文

Low-carbohydrate diets lead to greater weight loss and better glucose homeostasis than exercise: a randomized

期刊论文

Phenomena identification and ranking table exercise for thorium based molten salt reactor-solid fuel

Xiaojing LIU, Qi WANG, Zhaozhong HE, Kun CHEN, Xu CHENG

期刊论文

我国全科医生培养现状与发展策略

刘颖,蒋国平,任菁菁

期刊论文

The next step of community health construction: Training general practitioners and implementing health

Kan ZHANG MM, Wei DONG MM, Ying-Yao CHEN MD,

期刊论文

maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources—a new Sino-German international research training

null

期刊论文

maize-based food-feed-energy systems to limited phosphate resources—a new Sino-German international research training

null

期刊论文

Design and preliminary evaluation of an exoskeleton for upper limb resistance training

Tzong-Ming WU, Dar-Zen CHEN

期刊论文

导弹特种装备与训练模拟系统研制

黄先祥,谢建,高钦和

期刊论文

基于全局和单调递减鲁棒性策略的鲁棒神经网络训练方法

梁震1,吴陶然2,3,刘万伟4,5,薛白2,杨文婧1,王戟1,庞征斌4

期刊论文

应用型工程造价专业人才培养模式的探索与实践——以天津理工大学为例

尹贻林,白 娟

期刊论文

Hybrid embedding and joint training of stacked encoder for opinion question machine reading comprehension

Xiang-zhou Huang, Si-liang Tang, Yin Zhang, Bao-gang Wei,huangxiangzhou@zju.edu.cn,siliang@zju.edu.cn,yinzh@zju.edu.cn

期刊论文